Suppose you have a path to a file, for example /Users/flavio/test.txt.
Running
basename /Users/flavio/test.txt
will return the text.txt string:
If you run basename on a path string that points to a directory, you will get the last segment of the path. In this example, /Users/flavio is a directory:
The basename command works on Linux, macOS, WSL, and anywhere you have a UNIX environment